7

EEG-based BCI Systems in Neuropsychiatric

Diseases

Emine Elif Tülay

Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Türkiye

Due to the rapid and substantial advancements in technology over the past

decades, intelligent systems have become an indispensable part of our lives.

Therefore, Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) applications have become effective

in a wide variety of fields, starting with the motivation to control computer

systems and external devices directly with their thoughts. Moreover, BCI sys-

tems hold significant promise in advancing our understanding and manage-

ment of neuropsychiatric diseases including Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s

Disease, and various mood and mental disorders. The chapter begins by elu-

cidating the fundamental principles of electroencephalography (EEG) and its

relevance in capturing real-time brain activity. Subsequently, it delves into the

multifaceted landscape of neuropsychiatric diseases, emphasizing the poten-

tial of EEG-based BCIs in enhancing diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation

strategies.

7.1

Introduction

The communication between a human and a machine, more simply computers,

has always been an attractive topic for scientists since the invention of com-

puting systems. However, especially in the last decade, intelligent systems have

become an indispensable part of our lives, and new technologies have started

to be used to interact with these systems. Brain-computer interface (BCI)

technology is one of the current technologies that provide a control ability

on machines via human brain functions without needing physical contact. In

recent years, BCI has expanded its applications beyond the previously men-

tioned purposes to include the detection of several diseases in medicine. During

the development of distinct BCI applications, various neuroimaging modalities

DOI: 10.1201/9781003461906-7

174